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'<p>
<strong><strong><strong><span style="color:#696969;"> 關注咖評(微信公衆號 vdailycom ) 發現美好咖啡館 開一家自己的小店</span></strong></strong></strong><br />
咖啡機的預浸泡功能很多很多銷售商作爲一個賣點,關於預浸泡的問題很多朋友問過我,那預浸泡與否真的關乎咖啡能夠做好呢?</p>
<p>
首先我們來認識一個問題:就是手衝咖啡和法壓愛樂壓等咖啡的製作方式。這幾種方式都需要有一個浸泡的過程,也可以理解爲悶蒸,悶蒸的作用就是在萃取之前讓咖啡粉充分與熱水接觸,浸泡,膨脹,這個時候並沒有真正的在萃取咖啡,等我們手衝重新開始注水,法壓開始下壓,愛樂壓開始下壓的時候,纔是咖啡液與咖啡渣分離的時候,這纔是真正的萃取階段(允許提出不同意見,但是在此作爲對比容易理解)。偉哥常說做咖啡都是一通百通的事情,做大部分咖啡都是相通的道理。所以在做Espresso的時候是否預浸泡就容易理解了。開始的時候以一個較小的壓力(有的機器開始就是自來水壓力,水箱的機器沒有壓力)來浸泡粉碗中的咖啡粉,使咖啡粉表面膨脹,這樣較大的壓力(一般爲9bar)的水來的時候咖啡粉表面就已經做好了充足的準備。</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="咖啡技藝學習,Espresso 預浸方式和原理" src="/uploads/allimg/170515/12-1F51515261C31.png" style="width: 320px; height: 203px;" /></p>
<p>
簡單來說預浸泡的好處有兩點:<br />
1.咖啡粉表面充分吸水,而沒有開始萃取,等9bar的水來萃取的時候挺高所有咖啡粉顆粒都能充分釋放芳香物質的幾率。<br />
2.咖啡粉表面吸水膨脹,會與咖啡機分水網的接觸面積增大,而且更加緊密,減少因爲布粉不均勻而造成的萃取失敗的幾率。當然偉哥並沒有說沒有預浸泡咖啡機不好,因爲沒有預浸泡的咖啡機也能做出好喝的咖啡。</p>
<p>
<strong> 下面來說一下一般意識咖啡機的幾種預浸泡方式:</strong></p>
<p>
<strong> 1.老式拉桿式咖啡機</strong></p>
<p>
預浸從espresso一誕生就存在,並非現代發明的什麼新玩意兒。對於最早的拉桿式機器,預浸功能是天然就具有的。當製作咖啡時,拉下拉桿(槓桿)、提起活塞後,熱水進入空腔及過濾碗,熱水與咖啡餅接觸而開始預浸,此時保持拉桿不鬆手,直到想要的預浸時間完成再釋放拉桿,活塞在彈簧的作用下開始下壓,實現咖啡的萃取。這樣預浸泡的水的壓力爲鍋爐內給到的壓力,而萃取的壓力來自拉桿彈簧的壓力,最高時應爲9bar左右。</p>
<p>
順便提一下,拉桿式機器不需要瀉壓,因爲當活塞到達空腔底部時,彈簧的壓力已經很小了。</p>
<p>
<strong> 2.E61式沖泡頭</strong></p>
<p>
當電機驅動水泵的工作方式取代彈簧加活塞的工作方式後,咖啡師可以節省出一點時間和體力。爲了在新方式下實現預浸,人們發明了E61的衝煮頭(當然,除了預浸,E61還有利用熱虹吸效應來加熱衝煮頭的功能)。E61衝煮頭裏有個空腔加活塞和彈簧的系統,這個機械的系統使得熱水在過濾碗裏的壓力是緩慢建立起來的,從而達到預浸的效果。FAEMA E61這個機器前段時間偉哥還在使用,咖啡的出品確實不錯,而且機械的小拉桿帶來的手感很拉風。電子泵是通過小拉桿來控制的,設計很巧妙,如果拉桿沒有拉到底會一直以一個很低的壓力來浸泡甚至萃取咖啡,有機會大家可以玩一下。</p>
<p>
E61系統沒有電磁瀉壓閥,過濾碗裏的壓力是搬動一個小把手來手動釋放的。</p>
<p>
<strong> 3.電控版咖啡機</strong></p>
<p>
在自動控制技術還比較昂貴的60年代,E61衝煮頭是個精巧的解決方案。在微電子技術已經很普及的今天,實現預浸是一件很簡單的事情,成本比E61方案低很多。電控版的機器,預浸大致上有兩種工作原理:</p>
<p>
a) 按製作鍵以後,水泵開始運轉直至咖啡製作完成,而瀉壓伐先是打開(這時候進入過濾碗中熱水的壓力建立不起來),待預浸完成後才關閉,直到咖啡製作完畢再打開瀉壓。</p>
<p>
b) 按製作鍵以後,瀉壓伐始終關閉直到咖啡製作完畢後打開瀉壓,而水泵先短暫運轉一下(這時進入過濾碗裏的熱水量少、壓力低),稍作停頓待預浸完成,然後重新開始運轉直到咖啡製作完畢。</p>
<p>
<strong> 4.手控版咖啡機</strong></p>
<p>
手控版的預浸咋辦呢?“開--關--停頓--開”的人工方式,行家們並不提倡。事實上,水泵的壓力並不是瞬間建立起來的,再加上進入衝煮頭的水管很細(或有一段很細)而具有限流作用,因此過濾碗裏的水壓也是逐步建立起來的,沒有必要再進行人工預浸。</p>
<p>
其實,無論是哪種方式的預浸,熱水都只是與過濾碗裏壓得很密實的咖啡餅最表面薄薄的一層咖啡粉接觸,並非浸透整個咖啡餅。</p>
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'search' => 'search.html',
'show' => 'show.html',
),
'cat_field' => '',
'module_field' => '',
'html' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'acount' => '2',
'namerule' => '{typedir}/{aid}.html',
'namerule2' => '{typedir}/list_{tid}_{page}.html',
'mid' => 'article',
'pcatpost' => 1,
'topid' => '95',
'domain' => '',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '485',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/list-yishi.html',
'total' => 2,
'field' =>
array (
),
),
) |
urlrule |
'/views-101863-[page].html' |
fix_html_now_url |
'' |
my_web_url |
'https://gafei.com/views-101863' |
get |
array (
's' => 'article',
'c' => 'show',
'id' => '101863',
'm' => 'index',
) |